![]() It can be carried out at local, regional or country level by national authorities and/or governmental agencies according the corresponding policies and mandates.Įuropean policies on disaster management aim at achieving a high level of mitigation to protect people, but also of the environment and property, including cultural heritage, against all kinds of natural and man-made disasters. Risk assessment is a key component of the complex disaster risk management activity, which comprises identification, evaluation, and prioritization of risks and should be understood in a multihazard/multi-risk perspective. Several seismic sources contribute to the seismic hazard in an area and their combined effect is mapped as probabilities in seismic hazard maps. ![]() Local site effects modifying the seismic actions could be also included in the seismic hazard assessment. In addition, well calibrated/validated methods and models may be developed, with the aim to predict the intensity of a given ground motion measure at a specific site, from an earthquake of specific magnitude and distance from the site. Such information will allow defining, along with other multidisciplinary data (e.g., geological, geodetic, satellite), those sources capable of producing damaging earthquakes. Realistic seismic hazard assessment requires good knowledge of historical and recent seismicity (see figure above) and the neotectonic regime, namely the seismically active or seismogenic faults (see map of faults in the EuroMediterranean area). socio-economic features, one needs to combine the evaluation of Seismic Hazard (H) with the Exposure (E) of the elements and, most importantly, the Vulnerability (V) of each element. ![]() For evaluating the Seismic Risk (R) of physical and non-physical elements at risk, i.e. The assessment of seismic hazard essentially comprises two steps, (a) the definition of the seismic action in the framework of European and National Seismic Codes and, (b) the evaluation of the seismic risk at local, regional or national scale. peak ground acceleration, exceeding a given threshold. Seismic hazard is the probability of an earthquake occurring at a given location, within a given window of time, and with a ground motion intensity measure i.e. ![]()
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